The 47^th U.S. Presidency Election was very significant. President Trump, the 145^th U.S. President, was impeached by Congress twice, the first time on December 18, 2019, by the House citing two articles. One is the abuse of power (Trump withheld military aid and invited Ukraine president Volodymyr Zelensky to the White House to influence him to announce an investigation of Joe Biden and his son’s affairs in Ukraine.), and two is the obstruction of Congress (Trump told his cabinet officials to ignore the Congress subpoenas.) The Senate did not reach the required votes (67, two-thirds of the number of Senators). Trump lost his bid for a second term and was impeached the second time on January 13, 2021, by the House adopting an article, incitement of insurrection. (Related to the infamous January 6^th, 2021, storming of the Capital Building of Congress.) On February 13, the Senate acquitted Trump on this article of impeachment. Trump, under Congressional pressure and several Justice cases against him, plunged into a fierce campaign for the 147^th U.S. Presidency.

President Trump won the 147^th U.S. Presidency with an extremely effective campaign of the MAGA movement (Make America Great Again). He won the national popular vote by 2.5 Million or more, electoral vote of 312 to 220. Trump has a Senate of 53 Republicans, 45 Democrats, and 2 Independents, a House of 220 Republicans and 215 Democrats, and a governorship of 27 Republicans and 23 Democrats. Trump got better support in 2024 than in 2016 and 2020. The MAGA slogan is a real mandate, even though the movement contains different streams of force. In principle, who would not like to have MAGA, whether you are a Republican, Democrat, or Independent? However, there are different interpretations, priorities, and methods of pursuing MAGA in the minds of Americans. The President must be aware of that and must work with Congress (representing the Americans) to accomplish the presidential MAGA goals during his term and beyond.

The Congress, both the Senate and the House, are in favor of the Republican president on the surface, but the bipartisan divide is complicatedly linked to the national divide consisting of ideology (conservative, Progressive, and modest), women, LGBTQ, senior (age), patriots (veterans and wars), immigrants (old, new and illegal), and religion (changing population). The U.S. President is challenged to move and accomplish MAGA with the American political system. It happened recently; the Pew Research Center for the People & the Press has done a study on the evolution of the U.S. Congress. This author finds it a very useful piece of research data to help us understand our Congress and how it may collaborate with the President to achieve his presidential goals mandated by the people. In the following, we will review Pew’s research data and make comments on how the change in Congress may dictate the future of the U.S. A ten-million-ton task but it is important for the U.S. especially at this juncture when it is challenged by a rising China working under a different political and economic system.

The Pew Research Center did a historical tabulation of the constituents in the U.S. Congress, namely the Senate and the House with a focus more on the recent century, from 2001 to 2025. (The Changing Face of Congress in 7 Charts, 3-3-2025, a sequel of the Changing Face of Congress in 8 charts, 2-7-2023, the chart dropped was all Congress members have college degrees.) The seven charts are summarized below with comments:

1. The 119^th Congress is the most racially and ethnically diversified. There are 144/535 (27%) voting members identified as Black 66. Hispanic 53, Asian American and Pacific Islander 21, and Native American and Alaska Native 4. The corresponding numbers in the 107^th Congress (2001) were 36, 19, 7, and 1, nearly doubled in blacks, about three times increase in Hispanics, three times in Asian/islanders, and four times in Natives. The legislative members are elected to represent their constituents’ interests, those interests are diverse, a cause for national division. These legislators forgot one of the most important duties, that is they must place the national interest above the interest group they represent. More importantly, they must adhere to the principle that Minorities must respect the decision of the majority. They must engage in the galvanizing effort after every majority rule not sabotaging such a majority. Sadly, most legislators do not galvanize their constituents to support the majority rule. Hence, the change of Congress over the decades became the cause of our national division not just a phenomenon of our national division.
2. Women’s representation has been increasing over the long term but has not changed much from the 118^th to the 119^th Congress (149-150, 29%). There were 26 (16D & 10R) women out of 100 senators (45D, 53R & 2Ind) and 125 (94D & 31R) women out of 435 (215D & 220R) house representatives in the 2025 119^th A significant increase (double) from the 2001 107^th Congress (9D & 4R in the Senate and 41D & 18R in the House). This change certainly has enhanced women’s political rights over the years. One must ask though, did the women legislators make a significant effort in galvanizing the country to reduce national division? More women representatives are Democrats. Were women democrats contributing more than the women Republicans to our national division, such as abortion issues, etc.? Survey shows that women are concerned with inflation (36%), democracy (24%), immigration and border security (13%), and abortion (10 increased to 13% attributed to Harris’ campaign). Are women lawmakers making more galvanizing efforts than men lawmakers?
3. The number of transgender (LGBTQ) members of Congress has increased over time, from 3 in the House in the 2001 107^th Congress; the number has grown to 12 (House) and 1 (Senate) in the 2025 119^th Congress, with Sarah McBride, a Democrat, being openly claiming to be a transgender member in the House. Does the large increase over the two decades, really represent the transgender population or the aggressive political effort of the pro-transgender activists? Is there going to be a leveling off with Trump being the 147^thS. President?
4. The 119^th Congress is slightly younger than the last one. Over two decades, seniors and boomers have steadily decreased in number, and millennials and Generation Z increased in numbers as expected. (Average age of 58.9 to 57.5 in the House and 65.3 to 64.7 in the Senate) Will this small change ever transform the Congress to be a galvanizing national body uniting the nation?
5. Veterans have a far smaller presence in Congress now than decades ago, but the number has increased slightly in 2025, a possible effect of the MAGA movement. One would hope that MAGA might be a galvanizing force to unite our nation, will it?
6. The number of immigrants in Congress has ticked up in 2025 but remained below the historical high. (2 in the Senate and 17 in the House, only a 4% representation versus 15% immigrant population). Will the trend continue to increase, given the fact immigration remains a major issue in the U.S.?
7. The U.S. is a Christian Country with most members of Congress being Christians (461 out of 532) having a slight decrease in recent years. In the 119^th Congress, there are 32 Jewish, 4 Muslim, 4 Hindus, 3 Buddhists, 3 Unitarian Universalists, one humanist, and 3 unaffiliated (0.56%). Of the American population 29% identified as unaffiliated. Will this representation change in the future? What effect it may bring?

Trump’s victory did bring a change in the bipartisan landscape in Congress, but the above-described changes both represent the ’cause’ and the ‘effect’ of the national division on major issues in the U.S. The MAGA movement needs a united national effort, will the new Congress and the next be able to support a National MAGA agenda lasting more than a presidential term? Will the future of America be better with the changes in Congress? The American people must ponder on this question and vote for their representatives in Congress!